Pumapunku
The Pumapunku is a mound of soil on terraces faced with megalithic blocks. It is 167.36 m in width along its north-south and 116.7 m long along the east-west axis. In the northeast and southeast corners of the Pumapunku is 20-feet wide that extend projections 27.6 meters north and south of the rectangular mound. Pumapunku eastern edge is occupied by the so-called "lytic Platform." The platform consists of a lithic stone terrace is 6.75 by 38.72 meters in dimension. This terrace is filled with many huge stone blocks, contain the largest stone block found in both Pumapunku as the site of Tiwanaku. This stone is 7.81 meters long, 5.17 meters wide and 1.07 m average thickness. Based on the specific gravity of red sandstone which was carved the stone slab was estimated to weigh 131 tons Pumapunku métricas.4 The core consists of clay. The underlying fill selected parts of the shore of Pumapunku consists of river sand and clay pavers instead. Excavations at the Pumapunku have documented "three main epochs of construction, and minor repairs and renovations." In its heyday, Pumapunku is believed to have been "incredibly wonderful," 2 metal plates adorned with polished, brightly colored ceramic and ornamentation of fabric, elaborately dressed citizens and elites priests covered with exotic jewels. Our understanding of this complex is limited because of their age, lack of a written test, the deteriorating state of the structures due to treasure hunting, looting, mining of stone for construction and wear and tear.
The area that separates the Kalasasaya Pumapunku complex has been surveyed with ground-penetrating radar, magnetometry, conductivity induced electric and magnetic susceptibility. Geophysical data collected from these surveys and excavations have revealed the area between the complex and Kalasasaya Pumapunku the presence of numerous artificial structures. These structures include the foundations of the walls of buildings and compounds, waterways, wells and pools or functional coatings, terraces, residential, and widespread gravel pavements all of which are now buried and hidden beneath the surface .
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