2011年11月22日火曜日

Werner von Braun - The man who built the rockets for space missions



On 11 April 1945 U.S. troops occupied the factories in Bleicherode, which means work. One hundred A4 rockets were transported to the United States and formed the basis of the U.S. rocket program.
A few days before that, had the rocket pioneer Wernher von Braun and by General Walter Dornberger to southern Germany in hotels and barracks in the area of ​​Oberammergau (more precisely, Peiting, about 25 km north-west) were sold in order to escape the Soviet occupation.
 After the occupation of Upper Bavaria by American troops contacted the English-speaking brother Magnus von Braun, the Americans, with their strategic interest in the German missile know-how, they could be expected. Even in times of war in the action operation Overcast German scientists were deliberately sought to take possession of their knowledge can. On 2 May 1945 turned from brown along with several scientists from his team, the U.S. armed forces in Oberjoch, where he sports in the hotel Ingeburg, now the Alpine Hotel, had found refuge.
Wernher von Braun was brought by the Americans in the winter of 1945/1946 in Bad Kissingen Hotel Wittelsbach court, was the site of the operation Overcast and shelter for many scientists from Peenemünde.
 In spring 1946, the scientists brought to the U.S. in 1945 after more than a hundred rockets developers (since March 1946 called Operation Paperclip) under Operation Overcast had been shipped to the U.S.. Even Walter Dornberger was held from Army Ordnance Department in 1947 in the U.S. a new sphere of activity. Von Braun had initially at Fort Bliss (Texas), under the supervision of U.S. troops to occupy and then headed off in 1950 in Huntsville (Alabama), a team of more than a hundred developers in the U.S. Army. The Nazi past of German engineers was generously overlooked.
After a written engagement Wernher von Braun traveled back in February 1947 in the occupied Germany and married on 1
 March 1947 in Landshut Quistorp of his cousin Maria (b. 1928). On 9 December 1948 daughter, Iris Careen, was born. 1949, the family traveled by Brown officially in the U.S. one (requirement for naturalization). His father later returned back to Germany and died in 1972 in Oberaudorf (Rosenheim). Von Braun, now a technical advisor to the U.S. missile program and was instructed to continue the work of rocket pioneer Robert Goddard died in 1945 at White Sands, New Mexico. From 1950 he worked in Huntsville Redstone as head of development, a short-range nuclear missile for the U.S. Army.
His ideas of manned space flight was on 12th of brown
 October 1951 at the First Symposium on Space Flight discuss a conference held at the Hayden Planetarium in New York. Between March 1952 and April 1954, he published together with other authors, a series of articles in the magazine Collier's Weekly. Thus the general American public to manned space travel was introduced as technically feasible.
The daughter Margrit Cécile on 8
 Born in May 1952. On 14 April 1955 von Braun was a U.S. citizen. On 17February 1958 appears with the name of Brown Missileman on the cover of TIME magazine. For NASA, he was officially on 21 October 1959 is over. Shortly before then, the decision to build a large rocket, the Saturn V was later dropped.
On 2
 June 1960 was son of Peter Constantine was born. In the same year was appointed by Brown as director of the Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama, a position he held until 1970. There he was instrumental in the successful Mercury, Gemini and Apollo programs. He led the development of the first stage of the Saturn V rocket, on 27 October 1961 was first ignited.
His greatest success and fulfillment for many years but had dreams of a manned moon landing in 1969.
 His Soviet rival Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov, the father of Soviet space exploration could experience this event is no longer - he died in 1966. Korolev was Braun also known until after his state funeral, as the Soviet space program was subject to confidentiality.
From 1970 to 1972, Wernher von Braun, deputy director of NASA and pleaded for a continuation of the projects, including a manned mission to Mars.
 Disappointed by the severe budget cuts by the U.S. Congress, he left NASA in 1972 and became vice president of Fairchild, an air and space company.


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